Rheumatoid Arthritis Glossary
Analgesics: Medications that relieve pain. Commonly
used over-the-counter analgesics include aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and
naproxen. Others are available only by prescription.1
Anti-TNF: A class of biologic drugs that suppress the immune system by de-activating a protein called tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) that has a role in causing inflammation in the joints. Cimzia is an example of an Anti-TNF.1,2
Biologic response modifiers: These drugs target
and block proteins in the immune system that play a role in triggering inflammation.1
Corticosteroids: Fast-acting anti-inflammatory
drugs that are used to relieve inflammation and reduce joint swelling. Corticosteroids
are usually used as a short-term treatment for severe symptom flare-ups.1
DMARDs: (disease modifying antirheumatic drugs):
These medications relieve pain and slow joint damage. DMARD medications include
azathioprine, cyclosporine, and methotrexate.1
Flare-up: A time during which the disease is
actively causing symptoms. Flare-ups are followed by periods of remission when few
or no symptoms are present.1
Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ): A set
of questions that assesses physical function by asking patients about their ability
to do everyday activities.3
Inflammation: Swelling and redness. Rheumatoid
arthritis causes inflammation in the tissues that line the joints.4
Lyophilized: Freeze dried. When CIMZIA is given
by a doctor or nurse it is in the form of a lyophilized powder before it is mixed
with sterile water and injected.5
Methotrexate: May be prescribed alone or in
combination with a biologic. It may stay in the body longer than other traditional
DMARDs.1
NSAIDs: A type of pain reliever that is often
available without a prescription as capsules, pills, or tablets. Commonly used over-the-counter
NSAIDs include aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen sodium. Other NSAIDs require a prescription
from a doctor.1
PEGylation: A process of attaching a compound
called polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the molecules of a protein to extend the length
of time the drug stays in the body.6
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): A disease that causes
inflammation, swelling, and pain in the joints.1
Rheumatologist: A doctor who specializes in
treating arthritis and other diseases that affect the joints and the muscles.1
Subcutaneous injection: An injection that is
given under the skin.1
Synovium: Tissue that lines the joints. Swelling
of the synovium can cause damage to the bone, tendons, and cartilage.3
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha): A protein
called a cytokine that triggers inflammation.1
NEXT: Working With Your Doctor:
RA Treatment Information »